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On Our Two Extremes in Literature

   Regardless of age, sex, or background, we are more or less conscious of our contingent life. Shakespeare once made his famous Gloucester say as follows; "As flies to wanton boys are we to the gods; They kill us for their sport..." (King Lear, Act 4).
   One extreme response to this uncertainty in the form of literature was verbalized in many ways as Romanticism in the 19th century. De Lisle Adam's (French writer, 1838-89) young Count Axel, for example, persuaded his beautiful runaway nun Sarah to kill themselves in denial about the stupidity of life in his age, claiming, "As for living, our servants can do that for us." The opposite extreme of this is found in Meursault's insensibility to the ultimate "indifference of the universe," who was fully characterized by Camus in his 1942 book, "L'Etranger" (in a sense the world neither cry nor wry at our death at all). Few people mull over death and we usually stay too blunted to perceive the uncolored indifference--war is a paradoxical exception.
   Nonetheless, as Colin Wilson has mentioned in "The Outsider" in 1956, these extreme cases--a mental (and thus physical) suicide, or a halt of cognition and emotion--are both tragedies of our mentality, given that we may proceed a bit further from where we are now. Today we know both suffered from the unbalance of our mind and body that is segregated from more judicious regulation in society. We now face up to see that these are not a mentality we cannot overcome. We are not mental aliens. We can regulate ourselves in contact with our persistent behaviors and percipient environments, even though we still rack up these extremes.    ao 

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